Review of Physics of semiconductor materials and devices: Types of semiconductor materials. Density of states. Generation & Recombination process. Doping and doping density. Semiconductor junctions (p-n junction, homo- and hetero-junctions, metal-semiconductor junctions, Schottky junction). PV principle and charge separation process in organic and inorganic solar cells. Solar cell materials and their growth techniques: Organic and inorganic bulk and thin film semiconductor materials and antireflective coatings. Materials growth/synthesis techniques (Vapour phase and liquid phase techniques). Solar cell materials characterization techniques: Structural characterization techniques (XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR etc). Optical characterization techniques (UV-Vis absorption, transmittance & reflectance. Refractive index, absorption coefficient, dielectric constant etc). Defect characterization techniques (Photoluminescence spectroscopy, thermoluminescence, admittance spectroscopy etc). Morphological characterization techniques (SEM, TEM, AFM, SPM etc). Compositional characterization techniques (EDX spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, XPS, etc). Electrical characterization techniques (Hall Effect, Four point probe, Current-Voltage measurement, capacitance-voltage measurement etc). Solar cell fabrication steps (Organic, inorganic & hybrid solar cells): Materials synthesis, junction formation and metal contact fabrication. PV arrays. Inverters, converters and charge controllers. PV system monitoring (indoor and outdoor). Applications (building integration, water pumping, industrial application, street lighting, stand-alone and grid-tied power generation etc). Solar cell assessment: Dark I-V characterization (to determine barrier height, diode ideality factor, shunt and series resistances and diode rectification factor). Illuminated I-V characterization (to determine open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill factor, maximum power and conversion efficiency). Internal and External quantum efficiency measurements. Capacitance-voltage measurement.